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Newburn Steelworks
Newburn Steelworks was a large steel mill on the banks of the River Tyne at Newburn, near Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England.
==History==
John Spencer originally opened the works in Newburn in 1822, in a water driven mill on the Dewley Burn which he converted for file grinding.〔 In 1867 Spencer was involved in the formation of the Throckley Coal Company (TCC). The TCC's Isabella colliery in Throckley provided coal for a set of coke ovens also owned by the TCC, whose main customer was Spencer's steel works.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title = Newburn, Throckley Colliery, Isabella Coke Ovens )〕
Although the works were initially used to make springs for the railway industry, Newburn Steelworks quickly became grew to become one of the most advanced steel mills in the country with the booming of the shipbuilding industry on Tyneside at the beginning of the 20th century.〔 The works had expanded so much by 1895 that Newburn Hall, originally a fifteenth-century pele tower, was embedded within it.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title = Newburn Hall )〕 In 1904, the works made the steel plate for the RMS Mauritania, the most famous liner ever built on Tyneside.〔 The steel works, along with mining and railway industries, brought great prosperity to Newburn. The works employed 1,500 people, and provided steel plates and springs, amongst other products, for the railway, shipping, armaments and mining industries all over the world. However, the works fell into decline in the depression following World War I, with the demand for steel falling. The works were closed in 1926 and demolished in 1933.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title = History of the Keelman and the Big lamp Brewery )〕
Despite the demise of the steelworks, the company continued as John Spencer and Sons and produced railway axle and springs, as well as gun springs and barrels for World War II. The company eventually folded in the 1960s. A number of buildings associated with the steelworks still stand in the Newburn area.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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